Chameleon is a variety of lizard which often changes its colour. This is possible because of the colour-containing cells beneath the skin. But how do these cells help it to change colour ?
The upper layer of a chameleon's skin is transparent but the layer just underneath it has cells containing red, yellow and black pigments. These pigments are granular in structure and these granulescan easily move from one point to another in it's body. The contraction and expansion of these cells containing the granules are responsible for the change in colour of a chameleon. The cells contractand expand due to several factors as described below...
First, Emotions play a role in changing it's colour. When a chameleon gets enraged or frightened,it's colour turns black. Also in a state of excitement yellow spots appear on its skin making it yellow.
Secondly, light brings a change in colour, for example when exposed to sunlight, its cells turn black dueto heat of the sun.
Thirdly, heat is also a contributory factor. when it is an a hot and dark atmosphere, its colour becomes green and at lesser temperatures in darkness, the skin becomes light yellow.
The ability to change colours by a chameleon has many adavantages like protection from enemies and in catching its prey for food.
1 comment:
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